Immunotherapy-related OP was identified, and he subsequently responded well to corticosteroids. This case describes a clinical situation, where PD-1-induced OP is radiologically similar to NSCLC disease progression in the lungs. Oncologists should be aware of uncommon pulmonary PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor toxicity. Lung biopsy may help to distinguish immune-related pneumonitis, lung infections, and progressive nodular lesions.Surgery remains the first option for curing early stage lung cancer. However, many patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage, and thus miss the chance to undergo surgery. As such patients derive limited benefits from chemotherapy or radiotherapy, alternatives based on local control have emerged, including iodine-125 seed implantation. The Interstitial Brachytherapy Society, Committee of Minimally Invasive Therapy in Oncology, the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association organized a group of multidisciplinary experts to revise the guidelines for this treatment modality. It aims to standardize iodine-125 seed implantation procedures, inclusion criteria, and outcome assessment to prevent and manage procedure-related complications.[This corrects the article DOI 10.4103/0970-258X.295955].<br Problem-solving, critical thinking, communication skills and the ability to interpret data are four core components of scientific literacy, which any student must acquire during the educational process. This is of specific relevance to the medical profession as doctors need to be 'scientific' in their approach. The nine domains of scientific literacy are further grouped under two major abilities understanding methods of enquiry that lead to scientific knowledge and the ability to organize, analyse and interpret quantitative data and scientific information.<br <br We included all first-year medical students within the first 2 months of admission in four medical colleges of India. We used the Test of Scientific Literacy Skills, a self- administered questionnaire, which is a validated and standardized tool for evaluating scientific literacy among students.<br <br A total of 525 medical students participated in our study over 3 years-335 were males and the majority of students (73.5%) had joined medical college from schools affiliated with the Central Board of School Education system. The presence of scientific literacy skills across the study sample was low.<br <br The relative lack of scientific literacy uncovered by our study needs to be addressed by medical colleges, using innovative student-centred approaches and incorporating social media literacy. Reforms are urgently required in the school education system, which serves as a feeder to the medical education system.<br The relative lack of scientific literacy uncovered by our study needs to be addressed by medical colleges, using innovative student-centred approaches and incorporating social media literacy. Reforms are urgently required in the school education system, which serves as a feeder to the medical education system.The Medical Council of India (MCI) has made research publications in indexed medical journals an obligatory requirement for promotion of medical teachers. In 2015, MCI guidelines said the first and the second author would receive credit for a research paper. In 2017, the amended guidelines provided credit to the first and the corresponding authors instead. We reviewed the common types of authorship order in medical publications from across the world and noted that before the 1990s, corresponding authors were rarely acknowledged and were not considered more important than any of the co-authors. By 2016, the corresponding author was usually the first or the last author. With an increase in collaborative research globally, more and more papers are published with multiple first, last or corresponding authors. Some journals have revised their Instructions to Authors to acknowledge co-first authors equally. Since 2017, PubMed also displays equal contributors in the author byline while still allowing searches for 'First author' and 'Last author' supporting the 'first and last author emphasis'. However, most guidelines mention that the authorship order is a collective decision of the authors. Any association between authorship sequence and credit for an article is debatable. Some journals allow or even insist on authorship statements to explain each contributor's role. Standardized vocabularies and taxonomies such as the Contributor Roles Taxonomy (CRediT) system can highlight contributions of individual authors. Some suggest doing away with the authorship order altogether. Readers and assessors should look at the 'author contribution details' rather than the 'authorship order' before drawing any conclusions about contributions of each author.Invasive fungal infections are a major cause for morbidity and mortality in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Long duration of hospitalization and increased costs are secondary burdens for patients and caregivers. The clinical manifestations are variable with a spectrum of different organs or systems. Factors related with invasive fungal infections may be categorized as host-related including the underlying disease, treatment and colonization status and pathogen-related including the capacity of the microorganism for defence, growth, tolerance and tissue affinity. The diagnosis of invasive fungal infection is confirmed with histopathological or microbiological demonstration of the microorganism, and commonly treatments are based on probability rather than definitive diagnosis due to patients fragile conditions preventing interventions. We aimed to present the less frequent yet difficult-to-treat organism, Verticillium causing invasive fungal infection in a patient with AML undergoing remission induction therapy.A 25-year-old female, with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, presented with exertional dyspnoea. <a href="https://www.selleckchem.com/products/RO4929097.html">RO4929097 inhibitor</a> Echocardiography showed a large (2.0 cm × 1.1 cm), echogenic, heterogeneous mass in the left ventricular outflow tract, under the aortic valve, attached to the ventricular aspect of the anterior mitral leaflet. Tiny flagellar, frond-like structures were seen attached to the surface of the mass. There was mitral regurgitation. These echocardiographic features were suggestive of a papillary fibroelastoma, but the histopathology of the excised mass revealed it to be a thrombus, which was consistent with a diagnosis of non-bacterial thrombotic endocarditis (NBTE). This case represents a rare histopathologically confirmed NBTE presenting as an unusually large mass in the left ventricular outflow tract.