CONCLUSIONS Dose-response curves are needed for probabilistic risk assessments of unintended effects like TMR For increased functionality, the lumped parameter model was packaged as a software library that predicts eardrum rupture for a given blast loading condition  https//wwwselleckchemcom/products/propionyl-l-carnitine-hydrochloridehtml  © Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2020 All rights reserved For permissions, please e-mail journalspermissionsoupcomINTRODUCTION Allograft tissue products have widespread applications across surgical specialties, but little data exist about surgeon attitudes toward the use of these products in the upper extremity METHODS Using a web-based survey, we sought to investigate the use of and feelings toward allograft products among hand surgeons A short questionnaire was distributed to all active members of American Society for Surgery of the Hand as of October 2015 Nnbsp;=nbsp;2,578 Demographic and practice setting information was collected Additionally, questions concerning the use of human allograft tissue products of various types including bone, skin, and soft tissues were asked RESULTS Of 2,578 American Society for Surgery of the Hand members, 406 hand surgeons 158 responded to the survey A large majority 92 reported having used allograft products in the upper extremity Orthopedic-trained surgeons were more likely to have used bone and tendon allograft, whereas plastic and general surgery-trained surgeons were more likely to have used nerve and dermis allograft Reduced donor site morbidity and complication rates were factors motivating surgeons to use allograft tissue CONCLUSIONS In spite of variation with respect to their use, allograft tissue products are popular and interest in new products, especially to improve flexor tendon pulley reconstruction, is high © Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2020 All rights reserved For permissions, please e-mail journalspermissionsoupcomINTRODUCTION Gulf War Illness GWI currently has no known cure and affects soldiers deployed during the Persian Gulf War It is thought to originate from exposure to neurotoxicants combined with battlefield stress, and previous research indicates that treatment first involves inhibition of interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, followed by the glucocorticoid receptor However, the off-target effects of pharmaceuticals hinder development of a drug treatment therapy MATERIALS AND METHODS AutoDock 42, AutoDock Vina, and Schrodinger's Glide were used to perform consensus docking, a computational technique where pharmaceuticals are screened against targets using multiple scoring algorithms to obtain consistent binding affinities FDA approved pharmaceuticals were docked against the above-mentioned immune and stress targets to determine a drug therapy for GWI Additionally, the androgen and estrogen targets were screened to avoid pharmaceuticals with off-target interactions RESULTS While suramin bound to both immune targets with high affinity, top binders of the hormonal and glucocorticoid targets were non-specific towards their respective proteins, possibly due to high structure similarity between these proteins CONCLUSIONS Development of a drug treatment therapy for GWI is threatened by the tight interplay between the immune and hormonal systems, often leading to drug interactions Increasing knowledge of these interactions can lead to break-through therapies © Oxford University Press 2020INTRODUCTION This study evaluates a large cohort of college students after the 2009-2010 pandemic H1N1 influenza season The objective was to assess influenza vaccination status, influenzalike illnesses ILIs, and other characteristics associated with attaining immunizations METHODS This study was conducted during the summer 2010 the Reserve Officer Training Corps Leadership Development and Assessment Course involving 6272 college students A voluntary, anonymous questionnaire was administered to assess study objectives RESULTS Vaccination rates were 399 for pandemic H1N1, 406 for seasonal influenza, and 326 for receiving both vaccinations Age less than 25 and having a Reserve Officer Training Corps scholarship were associated with lower odds of receiving vaccinations, whereas entering the nursing field and simultaneous membership in the Army reserve forces were associated with higher odds of vaccination There are 112 of respondents reported having an ILI, including 43 with severe ILI There were 4184 reasons indicated for not attaining influenza vaccinations, which are listed in categorical groupings CONCLUSIONS A historical anchor for vaccination rates and ILI is provided in a large cohort of college students following the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic Influenza immunization locations were determined, as was self-reported obstacles to receiving vaccinations These are important results for public health leaders seeking to increase vaccination rates during future influenza seasons © The Author 2020 Published by Oxford University Press Association of Military Surgeons of the United States All rights reserved For permissions, please e-mail journalspermissionsoupcomINTRODUCTION Musculoskeletal MSK conditions are commonly seen among military service members SM and Veterans We explored correlates of award of MSK-related service-connected disability benefits SCDB among SM seeking care in Veterans Affairs VA hospitals MATERIALS AND METHODS Department of Defense data on SM who separated from October 1, 2001 to May 2017 were linked to VA administrative data Using adjusted logistic regression models, we determined the odds of receiving MSK SCDB RESULTS A total of 1,558,449 79 of separating SM had at least one encounter in VA during the study period 78 disability separations Overall, 51 of this cohort had at least one MSK SCDB 88 among disability separations, 48 among normal Those with disability separations as compared to normal separations were significantly more likely to receive MSK SCDB odds ratio 237 as were females compared to males, odds ratio 115 CONCLUSIONS Although active duty SM with disability separations were more likely to receive MSK-related service-connected disability ratings in the VA, those with normal separations also received such awards