In 2 cases with negative culture results, amplicon sequencing of aqueous humor identified fungal pathogens
 
  Our data demonstrates the potential of amplicon nanopore sequencing using aqueous humor to enable rapid, sensitive and less invasive microbial diagnosis of endophthalmitis
 Our data demonstrates the potential of amplicon nanopore sequencing using aqueous humor to enable rapid, sensitive and less invasive microbial diagnosis of endophthalmitisPhonetic categories have undefined edges, such that individual tokens that belong to different speech sound categories may occupy the same region in acoustic space In continuous speech, there are multiple sources of top-down information eg, lexical, semantic that help to resolve the identity of an ambiguous phoneme Of interest is how these top-down constraints interact with ambiguity at the phonetic level In the current fMRI study, participants passively listened to sentences that varied in semantic predictability and in the amount of naturally-occurring phonetic competition The left middle frontal gyrus, angular gyrus, and anterior inferior frontal gyrus were sensitive to both semantic predictability and the degree of phonetic competition Notably, greater phonetic competition within non-predictive contexts resulted in a negatively-graded neural response We suggest that uncertainty at the phonetic-acoustic level interacts with uncertainty at the semantic level-perhaps due to a failure of the network to construct a coherent meaning
  Extreme heat in light of climate change is increasingly threatening the health and comfort of urban residents Understanding spatio-temporal patterns of heat exposure is a critical factor in directing mitigation measures Current heat vulnerability indices provide insight into heat sensitivities within given communities but do not account for the dynamic nature of the human movement as people travel for different activities Here, we present a new Dynamic urban Thermal Exposure index DTEx that captures the varying heat exposure within urban environments
 
  We developed the DTEx to understand human heat exposure patterns in a mid-sized city This index incorporates the human movement pattern and the heat hazard pattern obtained via novel and advanced techniques We generated the human movement pattern from large-scale, anonymized smartphone location data The heat hazard patterns were extrapolated via machine learning models from air temperature data measured through vehicle-mounted sensors The exposure iies to avoid heat hazards risks
 The proposed DTEx is novel because it provides dynamic heat monitoring capability to facilitate heat mitigation strategies at vulnerable locations in urban environments Combining the mobility data and extensive sensor data generates rich details on the most heat-exposed areas due to human congregation Such information will be critical for risk communication and urban planning for policymakers DTEx could also help smart route planning in sustainable cities to avoid heat hazards risksExisting trackers usually exploit robust features or online updating mechanisms to deal with target variations which is a key challenge in visual tracking However, the features being robust to variations remain little spatial information, and existing online updating methods are prone to overfitting In this paper, we propose a dual-margin model for robust and accurate visual tracking The dual-margin model comprises an intra-object margin between different target appearances and an inter-object margin between the target and the background The proposed method is able to not only distinguish the target from the background but also perceive the target changes, which tracks target appearance changing and facilitates accurate target state estimation In addition, to exploit rich off-line video data and learn general rules of target appearance variations, we train the dual-margin model on a large off-line video dataset We perform tracking under a Siamese framework using the constructed appearance set as templates The proposed method achieves accurate and robust tracking performance on five public datasets while running in real-time The favorable performance against the state-of-the-art methods demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm
  To identify the value of discrepancies in the central scar CS-like structure between dynamic CT and gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI for differentiating FNH from HCA
 
  This retrospective study included 113 patients with pathologically-diagnosed FNH n = 80 or HCA n = 37 CS-like structures were evaluated on arterial phase AP CT and hepatobiliary phase HBP MRI Presence of the CS-like structure, its discrepancy in visibility or size between AP CT and HBP MRI and between AP and HBP MRI, and features of non-scarred tumor portion were evaluated by two radiologists Inter-observer agreement was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficients ICCs and weighted kappa Univariable and multivariable logistic regression and ROC analysis were performed to explore features differentiating FNH from HCA
 
  Inter-observer agreement was moderate-to-excellent ICCs≥074, kappa≥065 On univariable analysis, presence of CS-like structures P lt; 0001, discrepancy of the CS-like structures between AP CT and HBP MRI 738  in FNH; 162  in HCA, P lt; 0001 and between AP and HBP MRI 700  in FNH; 162  in HCA, P lt; 0001, and the features of non-scarred tumor portion P ≤ 0011 were significantly different between FNH and HCA On multivariable analysis, the discrepancy of CS-like structures between AP CT and HBP MRI, and the absence of low SI of the non-scarred tumor portion on HBP MRI, were suggestive of FNH P = 0036 and P lt; 0001, respectively; area under the ROC curve, 096 [95  CI, 093-099]
 
  Evaluation of discrepancy in the visibility or size of CS-like structures between dynamic CT and gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI may facilitate the differentiation of FNH from HCA
 Evaluation of discrepancy in the visibility or size of CS-like structures between dynamic CT and gadoxetate disodium-enhanced MRI may facilitate the differentiation of FNH from HCA
  Screening modalities for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip DDH and indications for treatment of mild forms remain controversial Ultrasound US measurement of the pubofemoral distance PFD gt; 6 mm, composed of the pubic cartilage and the pulvinar can avoid late diagnoses of DDH A thick pubic cartilage may nevertheless lead to false positives The purpose of this study was to establish standard measurements of pubic cartilage and pulvinar, through universal US screening, to lower false positive results and thus any overtreatment
 
  This is a single-center observational prospective study conducted from December 2016 to January 2018, on infants who underwent universal US screening for DDH The only inclusion criterion was an adjusted age between 4 and 12 weeks when US was realized PFD measurement was made using the Couture and Tréguier method In addition, thicknesses of pubic cartilage and pulvinar were measured on the same US section, in millimeters
 
  Nine hundred and forty-eight patients, representing 1896 hips, were included The average value of pubic cartilage thickness was 125 mm ± 058 mm, with an upper threshold of 239 mm +196σ The average value of pulvinar thickness was 267 mm ± 078 mm, with an upper threshold of 420 mm +196σ We found high inter-observer reproducibility in pubic cartilage measurements
 
  Systematic measurements of pubic cartilage and pulvinar may refine therapeutic decision by identifying false positives Patients with increased PFD due to a thick pubic cartilage gt;2,39 mm, without an associated pulvinar enlargement lt;4,20 mm, could be therefore only monitored and not overtreated
 2,39 mm, without an associated pulvinar enlargement  less then 4,20 mm, could be therefore only monitored and not overtreatedThe identification of individuals from mixed DNA samples is an important application of DNA typing Although the discriminatory power of DNA profiling has improved dramatically, a limiting factor is that individuals cannot be identified via short tandem repeat STR analysis We used next-generation sequencing NGS to examine the mixed DNA samples Our results showed that STR nucleotide sequences and single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs analysis via NGS may enable the identification of each distinct subject from a DNA mixture containing DNA of the victim and suspect
  Eosinophil infiltration is one of the distinctive features in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders NMOSD but not in other demyelinating diseases including multiple sclerosis MS Eosinophils express the chemokine receptor CCR3, which is activated by eotaxins eotaxin-1, -2, and -3 and monocyte chemoattractant protein MCP-4 We aimed to investigate the role of MCPs MCP-1, -2, -3, and -4 and eotaxins in the acute phase of NMOSD
 
  Levels of serum and cerebrospinal fluid CSF eotaxins, MCPs, interleukin IL-5, tumor necrosis factor TNF-α, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor GM-CSF, and IL-6 were measured using the cytokine multiplex assay from 26 patients with NMOSD 13 with immunotherapy, 13 without immunotherapy, 9 patients with MS, and 9 patients with other noninflammatory neurological diseases OND Glial fibrillary acidic protein was assessed using ELISA
 
  Serum MCP-1 and CSF MCP-2 levels were significantly higher in patients with NMOSD than in OND Moreover, serum MCP-4 and CSF eotaxin-2 and -3 levels were significantly higher in NMOSD patients compared to MS and OND Serum MCP-1, -4 and CSF eotaxin-2, -3 levels were significantly correlated with the Expanded Disability Status Scale in NMOSD TNF-α and GM-CSF, which stimulate the above chemokines, were higher in patients with NMOSD than those in OND Moreover, serum MCP-1 and -4 were significantly increased by IL-5 and GM-CSF stimulation, but not by TNF-α and IL-6 Only CSF eotaxin-2 was significantly increased by GM-CSF There were no significant differences in serum MCP-1 and -4 levels between NMOSD patients with and without immunotherapy
 
  These findings suggest that the elevated serum MCP-1, -4 and CSF eotaxin-2, -3 may be a key step in eosinophil recruitment in the acute phase of NMOSD
 These findings suggest that the elevated serum MCP-1, -4 and CSF eotaxin-2, -3 may be a key step in eosinophil recruitment in the acute phase of NMOSDBeauveria bassiana is a harmful pathogen to the economically important insect silkworm, always causes serious disease to the silkworm, which results in great losses to the sericulture industry In order to explore the silkworm Bombyx mori response to B  https//wwwselleckchemcom/products/cct128930html  bassiana infection, differential proteomes of the silkworm responsive to B bassiana infection were identified with isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation iTRAQ at the different stage of the 3rd instar silkworm larvae Among the 5040 proteins identified with confidence level of ≥95 , total 937 proteins were differentially expressed, of which 488 proteins were up-regulated and 449 proteins were down-regulated 23, 15, 250, 649 differentially expressed proteins DEPs were reliably quantified by iTRAQ analysis in the B bassiana infected larvae at 18, 24, 36, 48 h post infection hpi respectively Based on GO annotations, 6, 4, 128, 316 DEPs were involved in biological processes, 12, 5, 143, 376 DEPs were involved in molecular functions, and 6, 3, 108, 256 DEPs were involved in cell components at 18, 24, 36, 48 hpi respectively