<p>To summarize the regulatory effect of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) on osteoarthritis (OA) cartilage injury.<br<br /><br<br /> The molecular functions and mechanisms of lncRNA were introduced and its regulatory effects on the pathological processes of OA were elaborated by referring to the relevant literature at domestic and abroad in recent years.<br<br /><br<br /> The pathological characteristics of OA are degeneration of articular cartilage and inflammation of synovial tissue, but its etiology and pathological mechanism have not been clarified. lncRNA is a kind of heterogeneous non-coding RNA, which plays a regulatory role in many inflammation-related diseases and exerts a wide range of biological functions. lncRNA is a regulator involved in the pathogenesis of OA, and is abnormally expressed in OA cartilage, leading to the degeneration of the extracellular matrix of cartilage.<br<br /><br<br /> At present, there have been preliminary studies on the pathological effects of lncRNA in regulating OA and the biological functions of chondrocytes. However, the pathogenesis of lncRNA and its regulatory network in OA and the way in which it regulates inflammatory pathways are still unclear, and further exploration is needed.<br<br />At present, there have been preliminary studies on the pathological effects of lncRNA in regulating OA and the biological functions of chondrocytes. However, the pathogenesis of lncRNA and its regulatory network in OA and the way in which it regulates inflammatory pathways are still unclear, and further exploration is needed.<br<br /> The antibacterial properties of porous medical implant materials were reviewed to provide guidance for further improvement of new medical implant materials.<br<br /><br<br /> The literature related to the antibacterial properties of porous medical implant materials in recent years was consulted, and the classification, characteristics and applications, and antibacterial methods of porous medical implant materials were reviewed.<br<br /><br<br /> Porous medical implant materials can be classified according to surface pore size, preparation process, degree of degradation <br<br /> , and material source. It is widely used in the medical field due to its good biocompatibility and biomechanical properties. Nevertheless, the antibacterial properties of porous medical implant materials themselves are not obvious, and their antibacterial properties need to be improved through structural modification, overall modification, and coating modification.<br<br /><br<br /> At present, coating modification as the mainstream modification method for improving the antibacterial properties of porous medical materials is still a research hotspot. The introduction of new antibacterial substances provides a new perspective for the development of new coated porous medical implant materials, so that the porous medical implant materials have a more reliable antibacterial effect while taking into account biocompatibility.<br<br />At present, coating modification as the mainstream modification method for improving the antibacterial properties of porous medical materials is still a research hotspot. The introduction of new antibacterial substances provides a new perspective for the development of new coated porous medical implant materials, so that the porous medical implant materials have a more reliable antibacterial effect while taking into account biocompatibility.<br<br /> To summarize the research progress of ureteral injury in oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF).<br<br /><br<br /> The literature about incidence, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of ureteral injury complications in OLIF was reviewed.<br<br /><br<br /> OLIF surgery poses a risk of ureteral injury because its surgical approach is anatomically adjacent to the left ureter. Ureteral injuries in OLIF are often insidious and have no specific clinical manifestations. CT urography is a common diagnostic method. The treatment of ureteral injury depends on a variety of factors such as the time of diagnosis, the location and degree of injury, and the treatment methods range from endoscopic treatment to replacement reconstruction.<br<br /><br<br /> Surgeons should pay attention not to damage the ureter and find the abnormality in time during OLIF. High vigilance of abnormalities is conducive to the early diagnosis of ureteral injury. Furthermore, it is important to be familiar with ureter anatomy and gentle operation to prevent ureteral injury.<br<br />Surgeons should pay attention not to damage the ureter and find the abnormality in time during OLIF. High vigilance of abnormalities is conducive to the early diagnosis of ureteral injury. Furthermore, it is important to be familiar with ureter anatomy and gentle operation to prevent ureteral injury.<br<br /> To review the advances in the application of tranexamic acid (TXA) in adolescent spinal corrective surgery.<br<br /><br<br /> The mechanism of action and pharmacokinetic, effectiveness, dosage, safety as well as methods of administration were comprehensively summarized by consulting domestic and overseas related literature about the application of TXA in adolescent spinal corrective surgery in recent years.<br<br /><br<br /> TXA efficaciously reduce intraoperative blood loss, transfusion rate and volume, postoperative drainage volume in adolescent spinal corrective surgery. At present, the most common method of administration in adolescent spinal corrective surgery is that a loading dose is given intravenously before skin incision or induction of anesthesia, followed by a maintenance dose until the end of the surgery. The range of loading dose and maintenance dose is 10-100 mg/kg and 1-10 mg/(kg·h), respectively. No drug related adverse event has been reported in this range.<br<br /><br<br /> The effectiveness and safety of TXA in adolescent spinal surgery have been basically confirmed. However, further studies are needed to determine the optimal dosage, method of administration as well as whether it could reduce blood loss after surgery.<br<br />The effectiveness and safety of TXA in adolescent spinal surgery have been basically confirmed. However, further studies are needed to determine the optimal dosage, method of administration as well as whether it could reduce blood loss after surgery.<br<br /> To review the evaluation method of paraspinal muscle and its role in lumbar spine diseases, and offer reference for further research on paraspinal muscles.<br<br /><br<br /> The related literature of paraspinal muscle measurement and its role in lumbar spine diseases was reviewed. The evaluation methods of paraspinal muscle were analyzed from the advantages and disadvantages and the role of paraspinal muscle in lumbar spine diseases was summarized.<br<br /><br<br /> Radiographic methods are often used to evaluate the atrophy of paraspinal muscle, mainly including CT and MRI. The cross-sectional area and fatty infiltration of paraspinal muscle are two key parameters. Radiographic methods are reproducible and widely applied, but CT has the disadvantage of radiation exposure, while the cost of MRI is high. Besides, more and more researchers focus on the functional evaluation of paraspinal muscle, which mainly includes surface electromyogram analysis and back muscle strength test. <a href="https://www.selleckchem.com/products/d-1553.html">garsorasib clinical trial</a> The surface electromyogram analysis can quantitatively measure neuromuscular function, but the results could be affected by many influencing factors.</p>