Study of Chinese Learners' Pedagogical Choices in Korean In addition to learner-internal factors, CLKs' awareness of their own resistance to change and the relationship advantages they had access to were crucial The RIs from TS amp; ZL for instance mentioned their relationships with their local professors as a key factor in their rational decision to avoid criticism of a strict professor see examples 2 This article examines all local pragmatic research on Korean published up to 2020 It focuses on key practical issues, including Discourse Construction Tests The Discourse Completion Test DCT is widely used in the field of pragmatic research It has numerous advantages however, it also has its drawbacks The DCT for instance, cannot account cultural and individual variations Furthermore, the DCT can be biased and may result in overgeneralizations It is important to carefully analyze the data before it is used in research or assessment Despite its limitations, the DCT is a useful tool for analyzing the relationship between prosody, information structure, and non-native speakers Its ability in two or more stages to alter social variables that affect politeness could be a benefit This feature can help researchers understand the role of prosody in communicating across cultural contexts, which is a major issue in cross-cultural pragmatics In the field linguistics, DCT is one of the most useful tools to study the behavior of communication learners It can be used to study various issues such as politeness, turn-taking, and lexical choice It can be used to determine phonological complexity in learners in their speech A recent study employed an DCT to assess EFL students' ability to resist The participants were given various scenarios and asked to select an appropriate response from the options offered The researchers discovered that the DCT to be more effective than other refusal methods like the use of a questionnaire or video recordings Researchers warned, however, that the DCT should be used with caution They also recommended using other methods for data collection DCTs are typically created with specific linguistic requirements in mind, like the content and the form These criteria are based on intuition and is based on the assumptions made by the test creators They are not always accurate and may misrepresent the way ELF learners actually reject requests in real-world interactions This issue calls for further research on different methods to assess the ability to refuse In a recent study DCT responses to student requests via email were compared to the responses from an oral DCT The results revealed that DCTs preferred more direct and traditionally indirect request forms and used less hints than email data Metapragmatic Questionnaires MQs This study explored Chinese learners' decisions regarding their use of Korean through a variety of experimental tools, such as Discourse Completion Tasks DCTs, metapragmatic questionnaires, and Refusal Interviews RIs Participants were 46 CLKs of upper-intermediate ability who provided responses to MQs and DCTs They were also asked to provide reflections on their evaluations and their refusals to participate in RIs The results revealed that CLKs often resisted native Korean pragmatic norms, and their decisions were influenced by four primary factors such as their identities, their multilingual identities, ongoing life histories, and relational benefits These findings have pedagogical implications for L2 Korean assessment First, the MQ data were examined to determine the participants' rational choices The data were categorized according to Ishihara's 2010 definition of pragmatic resistance Then, the responses were compared with their linguistic performance in DCTs to determine if they reflected pragmatic resistance or not In addition, the interviewees were asked to explain their choice of pragmatic behavior in a particular scenario The results of the MQs, DCTs and z-tests were examined using descriptive statistics and Z tests The CLKs were found use euphemistic words like "sorry" or "thank you" This was probably due to their lack of experience with the target languages, leading to a lack of knowledge of korean's pragmatic norms The results showed that CLKs' preference to diverge from L1 and L2 norms or to move towards L1 varied depending on the DCT circumstances For instance, in Situations 3 and 12 the CLKs favored to diverge from both L1 and L2 pragmatic norms, whereas in Situation 14 they favored a convergence to L1 norms The RIs also revealed that CLKs were aware of their pragmatism in every DCT situation The RIs were conducted one-to-one basis within a period of two days of participants completing the MQs The RIs were recorded and transcribing, and then coded by two coders who were independent The code was re-coded repeatedly, with the coders re-reading and discussing each transcript The coding results are then evaluated against the original RI transcripts to determine if they captured the underlying pragmatic behavior Refusal Interviews RIs One of the most important questions in pragmatic research is why some learners decide to rescind native-speaker pragmatic norms Recent research attempted to answer this question using various experimental tools, including DCTs MQs and RIs Participants included 44 CLKs and 46 CNSs from five Korean Universities Participants were required to complete the DCTs and MQs in their L1 or L2 Then, they were invited to attend a RI where they were asked to consider their responses to the DCT situations The results showed that CLKs, on average, did not adhere to the patterns of native speakers in more than 40 of their responses They did this despite the fact that they could create native-like patterns Furthermore, they were clearly conscious of their own pragmatism They attributed their decisions to learner-internal aspects such as their personalities and identities that are multilingual, as well as ongoing life histories They also mentioned external factors, like relational benefits They outlined, for instance how their relationships with their professors allowed them to perform more comfortably in terms of the linguistic and cultural norms at their university However, the interviewees also expressed concern about the social pressures and consequences that they might be subjected to if they strayed from the local social norms They were concerned that their native interlocutors might perceive them as “foreigners” and think they were ignorant This was a concern similar to the concerns voiced by Brown 2013 and Ishihara 2009 These results suggest that native speakers pragmatic norms aren't the default preference for Korean learners They may still be a useful model for official Korean proficiency tests Future researchers should reassess the applicability of these tests in various cultural contexts and in specific situations This will enable them to better comprehend how different environments can affect the pragmatic behavior of learners in the classroom and beyond Moreover this will allow educators to develop more effective methodologies for teaching and testing korea pragmatics Seukhoon Paul Choi, principal advisor at Stratways Group in Seoul, is a geopolitical risks consultancy Case Studies The case study method is an investigational strategy that uses participant-centered, in-depth investigations to explore a specific subject It is a method that makes use of multiple data sources to support the findings, including interviews, observations, documents, and artifacts This type of investigation can be used to study unique or complex topics that are difficult for other methods of measuring The first step in conducting a case study is to clearly define the subject and the objectives of the study This will allow you to identify what aspects of the subject should be studied and which can be omitted It is also beneficial to study the literature that is relevant to the topic to gain a better understanding of the subject and to place the case study within a larger theoretical context This case study was based on an open source platform such as the KMMLU leaderboard [50], and its Korean-specific benchmarks, HyperCLOVA X and LDCC-Solar figure 1 below The results of this study showed that L2 Korean learners were highly susceptible to the influence of native models They tended to choose wrong answers that were literal interpretations This was a departure from accurate pragmatic inference http//nutrisnet/members/drawerart23/activity/1811306/ exhibited an inclination to add their own text, or "garbage," to their responses, which further hampered their quality of response The participants of this study were all L2 Korean students who had reached level four in the Test of Proficiency in Korean TOPIK in their third or second year at university and hoped to achieve level six on their next attempt They were required to answer questions regarding their WTC/SPCC and understanding and pragmatic awareness The interviewees were given two scenarios, each involving an imaginary interaction with their interlocutors and were asked to select one of the following strategies when making an inquiry Interviewees were then asked to justify their decision The majority of the participants attributed their pragmatism to their personality TS for instance, claimed that she was difficult to talk to and would not ask about the wellbeing of her colleague when they were working at a high rate, even though she thought native Koreans would