PURPOSE To examine the association between strength of policy and self-reported tobacco use behavior, controlling for demographic characteristics, polytobacco use, knowledge of campus tobacco policy, and perceived policy compliance by others DESIGN Cross-sectional, online survey  https//wwwselleckchemcom/products/bgb-8035html  SETTING Ten participating State University of New York SUNY campuses; 5 with designated smoking/tobacco use areas and 5 with 100 tobacco-free policies SUBJECTS Convenience sample of students from SUNY campuses only tobacco users N = 576 students included for analysis MEASURES Items assessing tobacco use behaviors on campus, policy knowledge, and observation of others using tobacco on campus ANALYSIS T tests and chi-square tests of association used to compare responses between tobacco users across campuses Generalized estimating equations modeling used to evaluate predictors of tobacco use on campus; model estimated with students nested within campus RESULTS Those on campuses without a comprehensive policy were more likely to report in the past week having seen others smoke on campus 98 vs 69, P less then 001, having personally smoked on campus 65 vs 36, P less then 001, and seeing others use tobacco products on campus 88 vs 67, P less then 001, compared to those on tobacco-free campuses CONCLUSION Tobacco-free campus policies provide numerous protective factors for tobacco users and nonusers However, compliance strategies are imperative for intended policy successWe report results on the control of barrier transparency in InAs/InP nanowire quantum dots via the electrostatic control of the device electron states Recent works demonstrated that barrier transparency in this class of devices displays a general trend just depending on the total orbital energy of the trapped electrons We show that a qualitatively different regime is observed at relatively low filling numbers, where tunneling rates are rather controlled by the axial configuration of the electron orbital Transmission rates versus filling are further modified by acting on the radial configuration of the orbitals by means of electrostatic gating, and the barrier transparency for the various orbitals is found to evolve as expected from numerical simulations The possibility to exploit this mechanism to achieve a controlled continuous tuning of the tunneling rate of an individual Coulomb blockade resonance is discussedPhotothermal therapy PTT is an effective approach to cancer therapy However, the high temperature during the therapy increases the damage to surrounding normal tissues Thermochromic material, which exhibits temperature-activated color change and optical absorption, is a promising photothermal agent for precisely temperature-controlled PTT Nevertheless, the construction of nanosized thermochromic particles with an appropriate transition temperature 44-47 °C is still a great challenge Here, thermochromic nanoparticles with the transition temperature at 45 °C based on a leuco dye-developer-solvent system are developed for thermostatic photothermal tumor therapy Below the temperature, the nanoparticles take a dark green color to absorb light and convert it into heat efficiently Once the temperature reaches the transition point, the colored nanoparticles switch to a colorless state, maintaining the temperature at the predefined level and allowing deeper light penetration The autoregulated nanoparticles exhibit a prominent therapeutic effect for the tumor without destroying normal tissuesCurrently, photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical reactions show poor utilization of photoenergy, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear Previous investigations focused on the undesirable band edge energetics rooted in point defects, while targeted solutions for band edge engineering seldom promote the performance of the reactions In this study, the suppression of point defects for band edge engineering is studied in a model of titanium-doped Ta3N5 by means of density functional theory and impurity scattering On the basis of the calculated impurity scattering mobility, the point defects in Ta3N5 will result in neutral impurity scattering, suppressing the kinetics of bulk charge transports Introduced titanium dopants for band edge engineering are probably compensated by the point defects, leading to ineffective band edge engineering for Ta3N5 In addition, compensations between point defects and titanium dopants result in ionized impurity scattering, aggravating the bulk charge transport in Ta3N5Superconductivity near room temperature in the sulfur-hydrogen system arises from a sequence of reactions at high pressures, with X-ray diffraction experiments playing a central role in understanding these chemical-structural transformations and the corresponding SH stoichiometry Here we document X-ray irradiation acting as both a probe and as a driver of chemical reaction in this dense hydride system We observe a reaction between molecular hydrogen H2 and elemental sulfur S8 under high pressure, induced directly by X-ray illumination, at photon energies of 12 keV using a free electron laser The rapid synthesis of hydrogen sulfide H2S at 03 GPa was confirmed by optical observations, spectroscopic measurements, and microstructural changes detected by X-ray diffraction These results document X-ray induced chemical synthesis of superconductor-forming dense hydrides, revealing an alternative production strategy and confirming the disruptive nature of X-ray exposure in studies on high-pressure hydrogen chalcogenides, from water to high-temperature superconductorsLubrication plays a pivotal role in reducing energy consumption and machinery wear, profoundly impacting technological and economic development and the environment A recent study Erdemir, A, et al Nature 2016, 536, 67 reported the effective extraction of carbon-based tribofilms from lubricating oil by catalytic activation of the coating material, opening new possibilities for innovative lubrication material research and development Here, we showcase a solute-atom-strengthened and catalytically functionalized coating design and demonstrate its implementation in a TiN-Ag solid solution film that exhibits concurrent ultralow friction and ultralow wear Indentation tests and Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy combined with quantum mechanical simulations uncover the rare superhard nature of the TiN-Ag film along with a solute-Ag-atom-induced self-oxidation mechanism for its outstanding catalytic capacity These findings identify an outstanding type of mechanically strong and catalytically active coating material with simultaneous superior protective and lubricating functionality, holding great promise for applications ranging from microdevices to large-scale industrial equipment