hen compared with younger patients However, both groups did demonstrate significant improvements across time
 
  While this combination RF treatment FaceTite bipolar RF and fractional bipolar RF does not aim to replace a facelift/necklift in appropriate candidates, it does broaden the plastic surgeons' armamentarium to potentially fill a treatment gap
 While this combination RF treatment FaceTite bipolar RF and fractional bipolar RF does not aim to replace a facelift/necklift in appropriate candidates, it does broaden the plastic surgeons' armamentarium to potentially fill a treatment gapThe use of radiofrequency for soft tissue tightening has increased over the past 10 years Both minimally invasive and noninvasive devices are frequently in use This article describes the different types of radiofrequency technology and the current evidence behind their safety and efficacyCurrent treatment modalities are limited in their approach and success for hair loss QR 678 amp; QR 678 Neo are new formulations, consisting of a combination of growth factors and peptides This study demonstrates safety analysis of QR 678 amp; QR 678 Neo formulation, using in vitro cytotoxicity assay and in vivo animal efficacy
  Factors including vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, insulin-like growth factor-1, keratinocyte growth factor, and copper tripeptide 1 QR 678 or their biomimetic peptides QR678 Neo were suspended in a sterile injectable vehicle The 3-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay was used to explore the cytotoxic effects of each factor used in the compositions in human keratinocyte cell and human fibroblast cell assays An in vivo analysis, wherein study animals were given intradermal QR 678 amp; QR 678 Neo injections, was conducted to assess whether the formulations produce hair growth Also, hair follicle viability was checked by intradermal injection of the pharmaceutical compositions in secondary alopecia
 
  In both formulations, a positive response was observed with respect to the number of mice exhibiting hair growth at the injection sites The injections caused retention of hair in a 025-cm radius around the injection site On cytotoxicity study, all the factors were found to be safe in human keratinocyte cell and human fibroblast cell assay A positive response was demonstrated in animals on treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent
 
  Intradermal injections of QR 678 amp; QR 678 Neo hair growth factor formulations are a safe and efficacious option for alopecia Results seem encouraging enough to warrant a trial in humans with secondary alopecia, post cancer chemotherapy
 Intradermal injections of QR 678 amp; QR 678 Neo hair growth factor formulations are a safe and efficacious option for alopecia Results seem encouraging enough to warrant a trial in humans with secondary alopecia, post cancer chemotherapyAnterolateral thigh ALT free flaps have become reliable options for head-to-toe reconstruction Although perforator anatomy is fairly predictable, in cases of eccentric perforator location, we proposed shifting the entire flap laterally and preserving a medial bipedicled flap between the original incision and the new medial flap margin This facilitates primary donor site closure instead of harvesting a flap larger than anticipated We conducted a retrospective chart review of ALT flaps performed between 2007 and 2019 and identified patients who underwent bipedicled closure of the donor site Demographics, flap characteristics, and surgical technique were evaluated Six patients had bipedicled donor site closure related to primary perforators located lateral to the original flap design  https//wwwselleckchemcom/products/VX-809html  The mean defect size was 91 cm2, and bipedicled flap width ranged from 4 to 6 cm All donor sites were closed primarily Five of the donor thigh sites healed without complications, and 1 patient had superficial delayed healing of the medial bipedicled incision, which healed with local wound care The ALT has become an invaluable flap in microsurgical reconstruction, yet it is not without limitations Primary donor site closure is generally not feasible for larger flaps, thus necessitating skin grafting of the donor site and/or prolonged wound care Our technique facilitates primary closure of the donor site in patients who otherwise would have required harvest of a larger than necessary flap based on eccentric perforator anatomy The medial bipedicled flap is straightforward, reproducible, and allows for modifications of the original flap design to better fit the defectFoam-mediated external suction FMES has previously shown to improve tissue microcirculation We hypothesized that preconditioning fasciocutaneous perforator flaps with FMES would augment perfusion and demonstrate greater capillary recruitment
  Gluteal perforator flaps were designed on sixteen 400 g rats link2 Continuous FMES at -125 mm Hg was applied on one side intervention to precondition tissue for 5 days, with the contralateral side as a paired control link3 In group A, we assessed changes following pretreatment, after surgery, and 7 days postprocedure, and in group B, we evaluated changes during preconditioning alone In group A N = 8, control and intervention flaps were assessed using laser-assisted indocyanine green fluorescence angiography In group B, flap regions were assessed using 4-dimensional computed tomographic angiography All flaps were analyzed for microvessel density using micro-computed tomography and histological assessment using hematoxylin and eosin and CD3 immunohistochemistry
 
  Thirty- clinical applications
 FMES preconditioning has the potential to augment vascularity of tissue for flap harvest; however, further experimental studies are required to optimize strategies and evaluate long-term effects for clinical applicationsAlcohol use disorder AUD is among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders and is associated with enormous public health costs Although AUD and other addictive behaviors have been described as chronic relapsing conditions, most individuals who develop AUD will eventually recover This narrative review provides an overview of definitions of recovery, with a focus on recovery from AUD The definitions reviewed include those developed by key stakeholder groups, as well as definitions derived from recent quantitative and qualitative studies of individuals who meet criteria for AUD and attempt to resolve their problems with or without treatment or who self-identify as pursuing or achieving recovery The literature reviewed supports a definition of recovery as an ongoing dynamic process of behavior change characterized by relatively stable improvements in biopsychosocial functioning and purpose in life The review concludes that definitions of recovery that rely solely on abstinence from alcohol and the absence of AUD symptoms fail to capture the multidimensional and heterogeneous pathways to recovery that are evident among individuals in general population and clinical samplesSarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease histologically characterized by non-caseating granulomas Although it usually affects the lungs, it can affect any organ system and present with a wide variety of symptoms Heerfordt-Waldenström Syndrome, or uveoparotid fever, is a rare form of sarcoidosis that presents with a combination of fever, parotitis, facial paralysis, and uveitis In this case report, we demonstrate a rare manifestation of sarcoidosis in a patient who presents with both the aforementioned syndrome and cardiac involvement This case serves to highlight the importance of identifying the various clinical manifestations and management of systemic sarcoidosisObjective Cerebrospinal fluid CSF leakage remains the most common and serious complication following posterior fossa surgery Persistent subcutaneous CSF collections can cause wound dehiscence and predispose patients to intracranial infection Management with conservative treatment fails in up to 40 of patients, and revision surgery remains the last resort We hereby introduce a novel surgical technique using muscle graft or pedicled trapezius muscle flaps to repair dura and skull base defect for the treatment of subcutaneous CSF collections refractory to conservative management Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted for six patients who presented to our institution from 2012 to 2020, with subcutaneous CSF collections following posterior fossa surgeries and had undergone revision surgeries after unsuccessful management with conservative treatments Patient demographics, etiologies, culture results, revision procedures, follow-ups, and recurrences of fluid collections were collected Results Of these six patients, two underwent repair of dura and skull base defect with pedicled trapezius muscle flaps, and four had arachnoid fistula repaired with autologous muscle graft All six patients fully recovered CSF leakage and subcutaneous fluid collections were resolved No recurrences occurred upon the last follow-ups Conclusion A revision surgery using muscle graft or pedicled trapezius muscle flaps to repair the dura and skull base defect is effective at treating persistent cerebrospinal fluid leakage and subcutaneous fluid collection refractory to conservative treatmentPregnant women are considered among the high-risk population for COVID-19 Therefore, research for methods of treatment and prevention of COVID-19 positive pregnancies carries an importance The aim of this study was to measure serum 25OHD, vitamin B12, and zinc levels in COVID-19 positive pregnant women to evaluate the role of these micronutrients in treatment and prevention A total of 44 COVID-19 positive pregnant women who were hospitalized and treated at a tertiary clinic were included in this study The mean serum 25OHD level was measured to be 970 ± 5914 The mean serum zinc level was 6258 ± 263, and the mean serum vitamin B12 level was 29555 ± 30248 All these variables were significantly lower than the accepted cut-off values p less then 0001 These low values might have contributed to a deficiency in their immune response and thus made these patients susceptible to COVID-19 infection Supplementation of micronutrients during the pandemic could be beneficial during pregnancy for preventionLithium is the treatment of choice for acute manic, mixed, and depressive episodes of bipolar disorder, along with long-term prophylaxis A significant proportion of patients taking lithium develop lithium-associated hypercalcemia Most cases are due to lithium-associated hyperparathyroidism with underlying parathyroid adenoma or hyperplasia We present a 67-year-old woman who presented with increasing lethargy and loss of concentration and was found to have slightly raised serum calcium levels with inappropriately low urinary calcium excretion levels characteristic of hypocalciuric hypercalcemia She had been on lithium therapy for over 15 years for bipolar disease She had no other cause for these findings and had no family history to suggest familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia Neck imaging ruled out any parathyroid adenoma or hyperplasia A diagnosis of lithium-associated hypocalciuric hypercalcemia was discussed with the patient, and she remains stable under surveillance