Of individuals with MMSE/MoCA scores, there were significant variations in scores by racial group The mean MMSE/MoCA score was highest among Whites and lowest among NHPI Compared with other racial groups, NHPI have a higher proportion of AD than MCI at diagnosis, are diagnosed at a younger age, have a higher female prevalence, have more comorbidities that may contribute to AD/MCI onset, and present with lower MMSE scores Compared with other racial groups, NHPI have a higher proportion of AD than MCI at diagnosis, are diagnosed at a younger age, have a higher female prevalence, have more comorbidities that may contribute to AD/MCI onset, and present with lower MMSE scores Primary progressive aphasia PPA is a clinical syndrome that is characterized by progressive deterioration of language while other cognitive domains remain relatively intact The extent to which print exposure and cortical volume atrophy jointly influence picture naming and general language ability in individuals with PPA remains underexplored To investigate the language performance of individuals with the nonfluent variant of primary progressive aphasia nfvPPA and to explore the impact of print exposure and cortical volume atrophy on their language ability We compared 14 Greek individuals with nfvPPA and similar age, education, disease duration, and cognitive ability with age-, gender- and education-matched Greek controls on picture naming and on language tasks of the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination-Short Form, including oral word reading, word and sentence repetition, complex ideational material, and reading comprehension The effects of print exposure and left-hemisphere cortical volume on the individuals' language performance were estimated through stepwise regression models The language performance of the individuals with nfvPPA was affected by print exposure and cortical volume atrophy Picture naming and word reading were affected by print exposure The highest contributions of cortical volume atrophy were found for the repetition, complex ideational material, and reading comprehension tasks Print exposure and cortical volume atrophy may help explain variability in the language performance of nfvPPA individuals with similar age, education, disease duration, and cognitive ability Print exposure and cortical volume atrophy may help explain variability in the language performance of nfvPPA individuals with similar age, education, disease duration, and cognitive ability Clinical trials involving individuals with mild cognitive impairment MCI have reported mixed results for the effects of cholinesterase inhibitors on cognitive outcomes Our previous work demonstrated that a visuospatial problem-solving task was sensitive to non-memory impairments in individuals with MCI To determine whether the same task is also sensitive to the effects of cholinesterase inhibitors in individuals with amnestic MCI aMCI We gave 22 individuals with aMCI clinical dementia rating of 05 and Mini-Mental State Examination MMSE scores of at least 24 the following measures at baseline and at follow-up 1 year later Hopkins Verbal Learning Test, Boston Naming Test, Rey Complex Figures Test copying task, anagrams task, and visuospatial problem-solving task The MMSE was also given at the 1-year follow-up Twelve of the individuals were drug naïve, having never taken cholinesterase inhibitors before, and donepezil was initiated and titrated to 10 mg daily after baseline in an open-label manner Ten of the individuals had already been taking donepezil, and there was no change in treatment We compared the two groups for amount of performance change over 1 year Individuals for whom donepezil was initiated performed significantly better on the visuospatial problem-solving task after 1 year compared with individuals who had already been taking donepezil No difference was observed for any of the other variables The visuospatial problem-solving task appeared to be more sensitive than memory measures to the effects of cholinesterase inhibitors in individuals with aMCI, perhaps due to the high attentional demand of the task The visuospatial problem-solving task appeared to be more sensitive than memory measures to the effects of cholinesterase inhibitors in individuals with aMCI, perhaps due to the high attentional demand of the task The learning slope is typically represented as the raw difference between the final score and the score of the first learning trial A new method for calculating the learning slope, the learning ratio LR, was recently developed; it is typically represented as the number of items that are learned after the first trial divided by the number of items that are yet to be learned To evaluate the convergent and criterion validity of the LR in order to understand its sensitivity to Alzheimer disease AD pathology Fifty-six patients from a memory clinic underwent standard neuropsychological assessment and quantitative brain imaging LR scores were calculated from the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised and the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised and were compared with both standard memory measures and total hippocampal volumes, as well as between individuals with AD and those with mild cognitive impairment Lower LR scores were consistently associated with poorer performances on standard memory measures and smaller total hippocampal volumes, generally more so than traditional learning slope scores The LR scores of the AD group were smaller than those of the group with mild cognitive impairment Furthermore, the aggregation of LR scores into a single metric was partially supported The LR is sensitive to AD pathology along the AD continuum This result supports previous claims that the LR score can reflect learning capacity better than traditional learning calculations can by considering the amount of information that is learned at trial 1 The LR is sensitive to AD pathology along the AD continuum This result supports previous claims that the LR score can reflect learning capacity better than traditional learning calculations can by considering the amount of information that is learned at trial 1 The quality of life of individuals undergoing hemodialysis is related to many factors, including sleep disorders To determine the prevalence of sleep disorders in individuals undergoing hemodialysis and to assess the effect of clinical and biochemical parameters on their sleep quality We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive survey in multiple hemodialysis centers Individuals were interviewed using a questionnaire for obtaining general personal information, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index PSQI for assessing sleep quality, and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale ESS for assessing excessive daytime sleepiness EDS The study included 338 individuals with a median age of 55 years Poor sleep quality PSQ and EDS were present in 414 and 65 of the individuals, respectively The individuals' PSQI scores were significantly proportional to their ESS scores Concerns about the disease and its treatment 607 and poor physical conditions 357 were major reported reasons for PSQ In a logistic resychological and financial support and early diagnosis of sleep disorders should decrease their mortality and morbidity rates We present a case of an isolated palmar, open dislocation of the capitate that occurred after a crush injury from an all-terrain vehicle rollover accident The capitate was completely dislocated, rotated 90 degrees in the coronal plane with only soft-tissue attachments palmarly, and associated with a 4 cm open wound A successful outcome was achieved via surgical reduction with percutaneous fixation A follow-up at 44 months demonstrated good range of motion and no pain Capitate dislocations are extremely rare https//wwwselleckchemcom/products/prostaglandin-e2-cervidilhtml Prompt identification and surgical reduction can lead to successful outcomes Capitate dislocations are extremely rare Prompt identification and surgical reduction can lead to successful outcomes A 62-year-old woman with a medical history of nail-patella syndrome NPS presented with chronic right shoulder pain Physical examination revealed that her right shoulder had a restricted range of motion Radiograph of the shoulder revealed arthritic changes with glenohumeral joint space narrowing, inferior humeral head osteophytes, and posterior glenoid wear The patient was successfully treated with total shoulder arthroplasty TSA The patient had an uneventful postoperative course and was satisfied with her quality of life at the 30-month follow-up TSA may be successfully performed with careful reaming of the hypoplastic glenoid fossa in patients with NPS TSA may be successfully performed with careful reaming of the hypoplastic glenoid fossa in patients with NPS A 67-year-old female patient presented for total knee arthroplasty TKA 4 years after receiving an antegrade femoral nail for bisphosphonate-induced femur fracture She underwent a single-stage procedure with retention of femoral hardware The femoral nail was used as a surrogate guide to reference the anatomical axis of the femur to position the distal femoral cutting block with good results TKA is possible in patients with femoral intramedullary hardware without the need for hardware removal or extramedullary referencing This report highlights a technique for the alignment of the femoral component by using the implanted femoral nail as an in situ guide for the placement of the distal femoral cutting block TKA is possible in patients with femoral intramedullary hardware without the need for hardware removal or extramedullary referencing This report highlights a technique for the alignment of the femoral component by using the implanted femoral nail as an in situ guide for the placement of the distal femoral cutting block Combined medial and lateral patellar instability is exceptionally rare with only 3 reported cases to date Here, we present the case of a 37-year-old White woman with multiple recurrent medial and lateral patellar instability After failure of conservative care with bracing and therapy, she underwent surgical stabilization with medial and lateral allograft reconstruction This case provides an example of the condition and successful surgical follow-up This case provides an example of the condition and successful surgical follow-up A 66-year-old woman with polymyositis and recurrent urinary tract infections presented with lumbar pain and progressive lower extremity neuropathy Imaging showed lytic destruction of the vertebral bone from L2 to L4 with extension into adjacent musculature Histological examination demonstrated Michaelis-Gutmann bodies consistent with malakoplakia The patient underwent revision T12-sacrum posterior fusion, L2-5 laminectomy, and anterior L3-4 corpectomy, followed by L2-4 anterior stabilization and a 6-week course of ceftriaxone At 3 months postoperatively, she was asymptomatic without recurrence Malakoplakia of bone should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lytic bone lesions and can be effectively treated with surgical debulking with penetrative antibiotics Malakoplakia of bone should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lytic bone lesions and can be effectively treated with surgical debulking with penetrative antibiotics