The results can provide evidence for health policymakers to better planning and conducting gender-based preventive and screening programs https//wwwselleckchemcom/products/protokylol-hydrochloridehtml Policies aiming at promoting HIV preventive behaviors among male may reduce the gap in HIV infection between female and male in Iran The results can provide evidence for health policymakers to better planning and conducting gender-based preventive and screening programs Policies aiming at promoting HIV preventive behaviors among male may reduce the gap in HIV infection between female and male in Iran During male meiosis, the Y chromosome can form perfect pairing with the X chromosome However, it is unclear whether mammalian Female germline stem cells FGSCs without a Y chromosome can transdifferentiate into functional haploid spermatid-like cells SLCs We found that spermatogenesis was restarted by transplanting FGSCs into Kit mutant testes Complete meiosis and formation of SLCs was induced in vitro by testicular cells of Kit mutant mice, cytokines and retinoic acid Healthy offspring were produced by sperm and SLCs derived from the in vivo and in vitro transdifferentiation of FGSCs, respectively Furthermore, high-throughput chromosome conformation capture sequencingHi-C-seq and "bivalent" H3K4me3-H3K27me3 micro chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing μChIP-seq experiments showed that stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8 STRA8/protamine 1 PRM1-positive transdifferentiated germ cells tGCs and male germ cells mGCs display similar chromatin dynamics and chromatin condensation during in vitro spermatogenesis This study demonstrates that sperm can be produced from FGSCs without a Y chromosome This suggests a strategy for dairy cattle breeding to produce only female offspring with a high-quality genetic background This study demonstrates that sperm can be produced from FGSCs without a Y chromosome This suggests a strategy for dairy cattle breeding to produce only female offspring with a high-quality genetic background Fusobacteriumnucleatum is an anaerobic bacterium mainly responsible for acute or chronic infection of the ear, nose, and throat, potentially bacteremic with a risk of extraoral metastatic infection Bacteremia occurs mainly in the elderly or in immunodeficient individuals, with high mortality Fnucleatum is not the first cause of tonsillar infection in emergency departments, which are more often the consequence of a viral or streptococcal infection, but it is a risk factor for severe bacterial infection, especially in a viral pandemic context A 25-year-old European woman with no history presented to the emergency department with fever 389°C, pharyngeal symptoms, intermittent headaches, and alteration of general condition On examination, she presented odynophagia associated with moderate tonsillar hypertrophy, her neck was painful but flexible A rapid diagnostic test for beta-hemolytic group streptococcus was negative First biological analyses revealed an inflammatory syndrome with C-reactive proteions were observed during clinical or complementary examinations The final diagnosis was a Fnucleatum oropharyngeal infection complicated by bacteremia, without metastatic spread The etiologies of tonsillar infection are not limited to benign viruses or bacteria These should not be overlooked in emergency medicine, especially when the clinical presentation is discrepant A combination of early bacterial investigations as blood culture and close clinical monitoring is the only safe way to detect bacteremia, especially in immunocompetent patients The etiologies of tonsillar infection are not limited to benign viruses or bacteria These should not be overlooked in emergency medicine, especially when the clinical presentation is discrepant A combination of early bacterial investigations as blood culture and close clinical monitoring is the only safe way to detect bacteremia, especially in immunocompetent patients Almost 25 million neonates died in the first year of life in the year 2017 These account for almost half of the total deaths of children under the age of 5 years Overall, ***** mortality has declined over the past two decades Comparatively, the pace of decline in neonatal mortality has remained much slow Significant inequalities in health across several dimensions - including wealth, ethnicity, and geography - continue to exist both between and within countries, and these contribute to neonatal mortality This study aims to quantify the magnitude of inequalities in neonatal mortality trends by wealth quintile and place of residence with province wise segregation The study was done using raw data from the last three Pakistan Demographic amp; Health Surveys 2017-18, 2012-13 and 2006-07 The concentration curves were drawn in Microsoft Excel 365 using scatter plot as graph type while the frequencies were calculated using SPSS 24 The situation of inequity across provinces and in rural vs urban areas has slightly declined, however, gross inequities continue to exist Presentation of outcomes data, such as neonatal mortality in various wealth quintiles is an effective way to highlight the inequities amongst income groups as it highlights the vulnerable and at-risk groups In other countries, rural-urban distribution, or ethnic groups may also reflect similar differences and help in identifying high-risk groups Presentation of outcomes data, such as neonatal mortality in various wealth quintiles is an effective way to highlight the inequities amongst income groups as it highlights the vulnerable and at-risk groups In other countries, rural-urban distribution, or ethnic groups may also reflect similar differences and help in identifying high-risk groups Diabetes is a major cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality Diet and medication non-adherence are common among individuals with diabetes, making glycemic control difficult to attain This study aimed to evaluate an intervention designed based on Health Action Process Approach HAPA to improve adherence to diet and medication among patients with type 2 diabetes in Tehran, Iran The study was a randomized controlled trial A total of 248 patients with type 2 diabetes who had low diet and medication adherence were randomly allocated into two intervention n  = 124 and control n  = 124 groups Intervention group received educational intervention during three months HAPA constructs, diet and medication adherence, and Hemoglobin A1c HbA1c levels were assessed at baseline, one month and six months after the intervention Mixed Model Analysis was used to compare between and within group changes in the outcomes There was a statistically significant improvement in HbA1c levels after six months 777 ± 136 vs 807 ± 152, 95 CI, p  lt; 0001 Diet and medication adherence, intention, task self-efficacy, coping self-efficacy, recovery self-efficacy, action and coping planning, barriers, benefits and perceived social support were significantly improved one month and six months after the intervention p  lt; 0001 Our intervention designed based on health action process approach led to improvements in diet and medication adherence, and HbA1c among the patients within one and six months IRCT, IRCT20151208025431N4 Registered 10 March 2018, https//fairctir IRCT, IRCT20151208025431N4 Registered 10 March 2018, https//fairctir The aim of the investigation was to compare the occurrence of post-activation performance enhancement PAPE after drop jumps, or heavy sled towing, and the subsequent effect on repeated sprint ability RSA Ten young basketball players 17 ± 1 yrs performed, in randomized order, RSA test with changes of direction after a standardized warm up followed by drop jumps, heavy sled towing, or no exercise control condition Neuromuscular assessments composed of two maximal voluntary contractions of the knee extensors, peripheral nerve stimulation, and surface electromyography EMG, responses were recorded before and immediately after the RSA The EMG signal of leg muscles during sprinting were also recorded as well as the blood lactate concentration The drop jumps improved the RSA mean time P = 0033, total time P = 0031, and slowest time P = 0029 compared to control condition, while heavy sled towing did not change RSA outcomes P gt; 005 All conditions exhibited a decrease of doublet high lar levels of fatigue following the RSA protocol Thus, drop jumps may be used as an alternative to induce PAPE and thus improve performance during sprints in young male basketball players Neonates possess an immature and plastic immune system, which is a major cause of some diseases in newborns Necrotizing enterocolitis NEC is a severe and devastating intestinal disease that typically affects premature infants However, the development of intestinal immune cells in neonates and their roles in the pathological process of NEC have not been elucidated We examined the ontogeny of intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes in the early life of mice and found a high percentage of RORγt cells containing inflammatory Th17 and ILC3 populations during the first week of life Importantly, the proportion of RORγt cells of intestinal lamina propria further increased in both NEC mice and patients tissue than the control Furthermore, the application of GSK805, a specific antagonist of RORγt, inhibited IL-17A release and ameliorated NEC severity Our data reveal the high proportion of RORγt cells in newborn mice may directly contribute to the development of NEC Our data reveal the high proportion of RORγt+ cells in newborn mice may directly contribute to the development of NEC Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors are among the new-generation oral antihyperglycemic agents that have been used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus With the recent coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic and rise of cases in the third wave, diagnosis of life-threatening euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis may easily be overlooked or missed We present the case of a 37-year-old Malay gentleman with underlying type 2 diabetes mellitus on empagliflozin, who presented to our hospital with symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 infection and diabetic ketoacidosis He developed severe rebound euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis due to the continuous usage of empagliflozin for glycemic control alongside intravenous insulin Physicians should have a high index of suspicion in diagnosing and managing euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, including withholding treatment of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors during the acute management of diabetic ketoacidosis Physicians should have a high index of suspicion in diagnosing and managing euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis, including withholding treatment of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors during the acute management of diabetic ketoacidosisThe cause of nuclear shape abnormalities which are often seen in pre-neoplastic and malignant tissues is not clear In this study we report that deformation of the nucleus can be induced by TGFβ1 stimulation in several cell lines including Huh7 In our results, the upregulated histone H33 expression downstream of SMAD signaling contributed to TGFβ1-induced nuclear deformation, a process of which requires incorporation of the nuclear envelope NE proteins lamin B1 and SUN1 During this process, the NE constitutively ruptured and reformed Contrast to lamin B1 which was relatively stationary around the nucleus, the upregulated lamin A was highly mobile, clustering at the nuclear periphery and reintegrating into the nucleoplasm The chromatin regions that lost NE coverage formed a supra-nucleosomal structure characterized by elevated histone H3K27me3 and histone H1, the formation of which depended on the presence of lamin A These results provide evidence that shape of the nucleus can be modulated through TGFβ1-induced compositional changes in the chromatin and nuclear lamina