The visible trend in the development of the snack market focuses on the use of innovative technologies such as low-temperature or hybrid processes that allow the preservation of native ingredients of raw plant materials In addition, the high antioxidant potential of, for example, chokeberry fruit can be used to support technological processes and create new products The aim of the study was to evaluate the possibility of using chokeberry juice concentrate as a component of an osmotic solution to enrich apple samples with natural bio-ingredients and obtain dried apples with increased content of ingredients with antioxidant properties; pro-healthy apple chips The research material consisted of apples that underwent osmotic dehydration in solutions of sucrose or sucrose and chokeberry juice concentrate and then were dried by the freeze-drying or the hybrid method The freeze-drying was more beneficial for maintaining the vitamin C content, while the use of the hybrid method resulted in the preservation of more polyphenolic compounds The sensory evaluation indicated the need to modify the composition of the osmoactive solution Due to the use of chokeberry juice concentrate, the content of vitamin C, polyphenols, and the antioxidant activity of dried apples was increasedRaw clay is used nowadays in construction as a component of mortars and plasters and as a binder in composites based on straw or shives It is a material with good sorption properties and vapor permeability, but it is susceptible to shrinkage, is not resistant to water, and also is characterized by low mechanical strength, which makes it impossible to be used, for example, in external plasters Various additives and admixtures are used to improve selected properties of clay mortars The article presents the research results and assessment of the effect of glauconite clay mortar modification with an admixture of linseed oil varnish on selected properties Admixtures in the amounts of 1, 2, and 3 in relation to clay weight were used Flexural and compressive strength, water resistance, shrinkage, drying capacity, density, and porosity of mortar, were tested The admixture of linseed oil varnish in the amounts used in the investigation had a positive effect on some of the tested properties; regardless of the quantity of the admixture, the modified mortars had better parameters concerning flexural strength, shrinkage reduction, and water resistance than the reference mortar, without admixtureThe aim of this study was to explore and construct spatial indicators suitable for green café ambience The indicators were further empirically verified A three-round questionnaire survey, based on the Delphi method, was conducted with 15 experts, including university professors food and beverage services management and interior environmental design, café operators, and personnel from government agencies Data were collected, and the results on the characteristics of the repeated feedback from the experts were convergent Thirty-six indicators suitable for the design of green café ambience were extracted, of which 17 were verified by actual cafés as highly operable The five-sense indicators of sustainable green ambience design obtained in this study can facilitate positive customer experiences and enhance the appeal of maintaining sustainable green trends for cafés These indicators can also provide references for café operators in business planning and green café ambience designPlants have leaves as specialised organs that capture light energy by photosynthesis However, photosynthesis is also found in other plant organs Photosynthesis may be found in the petiole, stems, flowers, fruits, and seeds All photosynthesis can contribute to the capture of carbon and growth of the plant The benefit to the plant of photosynthesis in these other tissues or organs may often be associated with the need to re-capture carbon especially in storage organs that have high respiration rates Some plants that conduct C3 photosynthesis in the leaves have been reported to use C4 photosynthesis in petioles, stems, flowers, fruits, or seeds These pathways of non-leaf photosynthesis may be especially important in supporting plant growth under stress and may be a key contributor to plant growth and survival Pathways of photosynthesis have directionally evolved many times in different plant lineages in response to environmental selection and may also have differentiated in specific parts of the plant This consideration may be useful in the breeding of crop plants with enhanced performance in response to climate changeMyxozoans are a diverse group of cnidarian parasites, including important pathogens in different aquaculture species, without effective legalized treatments for fish destined for human consumption We tested the effect of natural feed additives on immune parameters of common carp and in the course of a controlled laboratory infection with the myxozoan Sphaerospora molnari Carp were fed a base diet enriched with 05 curcumin or 012 of a multi-strain yeast fraction, before intraperitoneal injection with blood stages of S molnari We demonstrate the impact of these treatments on respiratory burst, phagocytosis, nitric oxide production, adaptive IgM+ B cell responses, S molnari-specific antibody titers, and on parasite numbers Both experimental diets enriched B cell populations prior to infection and postponed initial parasite proliferation in the blood Curcumin-fed fish showed a decrease in reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide production and B cell density at late-stage infection, likely due to its anti-inflammatory properties, favoring parasite propagation In contrast, multi-strain yeast fraction MsYF-fed fish harbored the highest S  https//wwwselleckchemcom/products/gc376-sodiumhtml  molnari-specific antibody titer, in combination with the overall lowest parasite numbers The results demonstrate that yeast products can be highly beneficial for the outcome of myxozoan infections and could be used as effective feed additives in aquacultureIn 2017 and 2018, a field survey was initiated on Greek olive orchards to investigate the attractiveness of bait spray applications and the impact of cover and bait sprays applied against the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae Diptera Tephritidae, on the honeybee, Apis mellifera L and bumblebees Bombus terrestris, by investigating the pesticides' residual prevalence Bee colonies were evenly distributed in three sites located on coastal areas of Western Crete and visited almost weekly between July and October Samples collected, were analyzed using existing or developed-optimized liquid and gas chromatographic methods In bee samples, concentrations varied from 00013 to 23 mg/kg for dimethoate, from 00013-0059 mg/kg for its metabolite omethoate, and from 00035 to 063 mg/kg regarding the pyrethroids, β-cyfluthrin and λ-cyhalothrin In one bee sample dimethoate concentration exceeded both acute oral and contact median lethal dose LD50 Residue findings in bees, along with verified olive oil residues corroborated that those insecticides had been applied in the olive orchards and transferred to bees The possibility of non-target effects of the bait sprays to the bees, as well as the impact of the contaminated olive to the bees are discussedPost-trauma chronic pain characterized by central pain is a symptom following traumatic brain injury TBI Studies on the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation rTMS on central pain and the association between central pain and spinothalamic tract STT have been reported, but few studies have examined the effect of rTMS in patients with mild TBI with central pain through changes in diffusion tensor imaging DTI-based metrics of STT before and after rTMS This case series aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of rTMS in TBI with central pain and the changes in diffusion tensor imaging DTI-based metrics of the spinothalamic tract STT before and after rTMS This study included four patients who complained of severe pain in the left or right side of the body below the neck area after a car accident We performed numeric rating scale NRS, bedside sensory examination, electrodiagnostic study, and DTI-based metrics of the STT before and after rTMS According to the guidelines of the diagnosis and grading for neuropathic pain, all patients had neuropathic pain corresponding to "probable grade" In all patients, rTMS was applied to the contralateral M1 cortex on the more painful side There were no medication changes and other interventions during the rTMS After rTMS, NRS decreased, bed sensory testing improved, and DTI-based STT metrics increased in all patients compared to before rTMSThe rat is a commonly used species in ocular drug research Detailed methods of separating rat ocular tissues have not been described in literature To understand the intraocular drug distribution, we developed a robust method for the separation of individual anterior and posterior substructures of pigmented Brown Norway BN and albino Wistar Han WH rat eyes, followed by quantification of drug concentration in these substructures A short formalin incubation, which did not interfere with drug quantification, enabled the preservation of individual tissue sections while minimizing cross-tissue contamination, as demonstrated by histological analysis Following oral administration, we applied the tissue separation method, in order to determine the ocular concentrations of dexamethasone and levofloxacin, as well as two in-house molecules BI 113823 and BI 1026706, compounds differing in their melanin binding The inter-individual variability in tissue partitioning coefficients Kp was low, demonstrating the reproducibility of the separation method Kp values of individual tissues varied up to 100-fold in WH and up to 46,000-fold in BN rats highlighting the importance of measuring concentration directly from the ocular tissue of interest Additionally, clear differences were observed in the BN rat tissue partitioning compared to the WH rat Overall, the developed method enables a reliable determination of small molecule drug concentrations in ocular tissues to support ocular drug research and developmentPrenatal environmental exposures that have been shown to induce oxidative stress OS during pregnancy, such as smoking and alcohol consumption, are risk factors for the onset of schizophrenia and other neurodevelopmental disorders NDDs While the OS role in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases is well known, its contribution to the genomic dysregulation associated with psychiatric disorders is less well defined In this study we used the SH-SY5Y cell line and applied RNA-sequencing to explore transcriptomic changes in response to OS before or during neural differentiation We observed differential expression of many genes, most of which localised to the synapse and were involved in neuronal differentiation These genes were enriched in schizophrenia-associated signalling pathways, including PI3K/Akt, axon guidance, and signalling by retinoic acid Interestingly, circulatory system development was affected by both treatments, which is concordant with observations of increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease in patients with NDDs