PM25-induced endothelial injury associated with inflammation, pro-coagulation and lipid deposition Although the evidence of PM25-induced atherosclerosis is undergoing continual refinement, the mechanisms of PM25-triggered atherosclerosis are still limited, especially indoor PM25 Subsequent efforts of researchers are needed to improve the understanding of PM25 and atherosclerosis Preventing or avoiding PM25-induced endothelial damage may greatly reduce the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis
  Evidence of intra-family resemblance in physical activity PA is lacking The association between parent and ***** PA appears weak, the influence of age and gender on this association is uncertain, and no studies have investigated the degree of resemblance in family members' PA behaviours such as walking, sitting/lying, and biking Thus, the aims of the study were to examine the degree of resemblance in PA within families, specifically between parents and children, and to explore the size of resemblance across age of children, gender of parents and children, and intensity and type of PA
 
  The study is a cross-sectional analysis of a subsample 902 parents and 935 children nested within 605 families of the Danish population study Lolland-Falster Health Study PA was measured using a dual-accelerometer system Axivity AX3 with subsequent processing of time spent in light PA LPA, moderate-to-vigorous PA MVPA, and vigorous PA and classification of PA behaviour types Families with at least one son/daughldren's time spent in PA behaviours requiring low energy expenditure had moderate resemblance within families, whereas engagement in PA with higher intensities showed small or close-to-zero resemblance
 Parents and children's time spent in PA behaviours requiring low energy expenditure had moderate resemblance within families, whereas engagement in PA with higher intensities showed small or close-to-zero resemblance
  Despite the availability of multi-"omics" strategies, insights into the etiology and pathogenesis of sarcoidosis have been elusive This is partly due to the lack of reliable preclinical models and a paucity of validated biomarkers  https//wwwselleckchemcom/products/gdc-0068html  As granulomas are a key feature of sarcoidosis, we speculate that direct genomic interrogation of sarcoid tissues, may lead to identification of dysregulated gene pathways or biomarker signatures
 
  To facilitate the development sarcoidosis genomic biomarkers by gene expression profiling of sarcoidosis granulomas in lung and lymph node tissues most commonly affected organs and comparison to infectious granulomas coccidiodomycosis and tuberculosis
 
  Transcriptomic profiles of immune-related gene from micro-dissected sarcoidosis granulomas within lung and mediastinal lymph node tissues and compared to infectious granulomas from paraffin-embedded blocks Differentially-expressed genes DEGs were profiled, compared among the three granulomatous diseases and analyzed for functiisease-specificity evaluation when exploring sarcoidosis genomic markers This relevant translational information in sarcoidosis and other two histopathological similar infections provides meaningful specific genomic-derived biomarkers for sarcoidosis diagnosis and prognosis
  The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's KSA health sector is undergoing rapid reform in line with the National Transformation Program, as part of Saudi's vision for the future, Vision 2030 From a nursing human resources for health HRH perspective, there are challenges of low nursing school capacity, high employment of expatriates, labor market fragmentation, shortage of nurses in rural areas, uneven quality, and gender challenges
 
  This case study summarizes Saudi Ministry of Health MOH and Saudi Health Council's SHCs evaluation of the current challenges facing the nursing profession in the KSA We propose policy interventions to support the transformation of nursing into a profession that contributes to efficient, high-quality healthcare for every Saudi citizen Key to the success of modernizing the Saudi workforce will be an improved pipeline of nurses that leads from middle and high school to nursing school; followed by a diverse career path that includes postgraduate education To retain nurses in the p be sector-wide and nursing leadership should be strengthened at all levels
  Increasing mortality among men from drugs, alcohol and suicides is a growing public health concern in many countries Collectively known as "deaths of despair", they are seen to stem from unprecedented economic pressures and a breakdown in social support structures
 
  We use high-quality population wide Scottish data to calculate directly age-standardized mortality rates for men aged 15-44 between 1980 and 2018 for 15 leading causes of mortality Absolute and relative inequalities in mortality by cause are calculated using small-area deprivation and the slope and relative indices of inequality SII and RII
   for the years 2001-2018
 
  Since 1980 there have been only small reductions in mortality among men aged 15-44 in Scotland In that period drug-related deaths have increased from 12 95 CI 07-14 to 449 95 CI 425-474 deaths per 100,000 and are now the leading cause of mortality Between 2001 and 2018 there have been small reductions in absolute but not in relative inequalities in all-cause morused on a single cause of death and not been effective in reducing mortality or inequalities in mortality from external causes in the long-run To reduce deaths of despair, action should be taken to address social determinants of health and reduce socioeconomic inequalities
  Dewatering constitutes a major challenge to the production of microalgae, accounting for 20-30 of the product cost This presents a setback for the applicability of microalgae in the development of several sustainable products This study presents an investigation into the dynamic dewatering of microalgae in a combined flocculation-filtration process The effect of process conditions on the performance of 12 flocculants and their mixtures was assessed
 
  The mechanism of flocculation via the electrostatic path was dominated by charge neutralization and subsequently followed bridging in a 'sweep flocculation' process Cationic polyacrylamide CPAM based flocculants recorded the highest biomass retention with PAM1 and PAM2 attaining 99 and 98 retention with flocculant dosages of 10 and 15mg/L respectively Polyvinylamine PVAM was also found to improve system stability across the pH range 4-10 Alum was observed to be only effective in charge neutralization, bringing the system close to its isoelectric poundation for flocculant assisted dynamic filtration processes
 CPAM based flocculants and their mixtures demonstrated superior performance due to their viscoelastic behaviour under turbulence The use of PVAM or alum in mixtures with CPAM reduced the required doses of both flocculants, which will provide beneficial financial impact for largescale microalgae dewatering in a flocculant assisted dynamic filtration process Chemometric analysis based on the physico-chemical properties of the system provides a time saving assessment of performance across several criteria The study findings provide an important foundation for flocculant assisted dynamic filtration processes
  Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome is a well-characterized genomic disorder caused by 4p163 deletions Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome patients exhibit characteristic facial dysmorphism, growth retardation, developmental delay, intellectual disability and seizure disorders Recently, NSD2 gene located within the 165 kb Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome critical region was identified as the key causal gene responsible for most if not all phenotypes of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome So far, eight NSD2 loss of function variants have been reported in patients from different parts of the world, all were de novo variants
 
  In our study, we performed whole exome sequencing for two patients from one family We also reviewed more NSD2 mutation cases in pervious literature
 
  A novel loss of function NSD2 variant, c1577dupG pAsn527Lysfs14, was identified in a Chinese family in the proband and her father both affected with intellectual disability After reviewing more NSD2 mutation cases in pervious literature, we found none of them had facial features that can be recognized as Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome In addition, we have given our proband growth hormone and followed up with this family for 75 years
 
  Here we reported the first familial NSD2 variant and the long-term effect of growth hormone therapy for patients Our results suggested NSD2 mutation might cause a distinct intellectual disability and short stature syndrome
 Here we reported the first familial NSD2 variant and the long-term effect of growth hormone therapy for patients Our results suggested NSD2 mutation might cause a distinct intellectual disability and short stature syndromeAn amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article
  Interprofessional education in childhood cancer is a multifaceted field involving multiple healthcare professionals with general and specialised knowledge and skills Complex treatment, care and rehabilitation require continuous professional development and maintenance of healthcare professionals' competencies in their field of expertise However, limited knowledge exists in comparing interprofessional and monoprofessional education Only a few randomised studies have evaluated the effectiveness and efficiency of interprofessional education The objective of this single-centre, investigator-initiated cluster randomised trial is to study the effect of interprofessional versus monoprofessional case-based learning on healthcare professionals' knowledge of gastrointestinal side effects and attitudes towards team collaboration
 
  This study will randomise healthcare professionals to participate in either the experimental interprofessional group or the control monoprofessional group of case-based learning The to monoprofessional case-based learning and how it affects healthcare professionals' knowledge of gastrointestinal side effects and attitudes towards team collaboration
 
  The intervention was registered at Clinical Trialsgov NCT04204109 on December 102,019 and with the National Committee on Health Research Ethics H-19087506 December 112,019 and the Danish Data Protection Agency P-2019-637 October 152,019
 The intervention was registered at Clinical Trialsgov NCT04204109 on December 102,019 and with the National Committee on Health Research Ethics H-19087506 December 112,019 and the Danish Data Protection Agency P-2019-637 October 152,019The clinical benefit of immune checkpoint inhibitory therapy ICT in advanced melanomas is limited by primary and acquired resistance The molecular determinants of the resistance have been extensively studied, but these discoveries have not yet been translated into therapeutic benefits As such, a paradigm shift in melanoma treatment, to surmount the therapeutic impasses linked to the resistance, is an important ongoing challengeThis review outlines the multifaceted interplay between microphthalmia-associated transcription factor MITF, a major determinant of the biology of melanoma cells, and the immune system In melanomas, MITF functions downstream oncogenic pathways and microenvironment stimuli that restrain the immune responses We highlight how MITF, by controlling differentiation and genome integrity, may regulate melanoma-specific antigen expression by interfering with the endolysosomal pathway, KARS1, and antigen processing and presentation MITF also modulates the expression of coinhibitory receptors, i