displays different biological activities, such as antiviral, immunomodulatory, and anticancer activities. Currently, high sales of hydroalcoholic extracts of have been reported; hence, the importance of studies on . To establish the effects of DC extract obtained with ethyl acetate ( -AcOEt) in breast cancer cell lines. Cytotoxicity, cell cycle arrest, and cell death were evaluated. Besides, the safety of the extract, as well as its effect in combination with paclitaxel were investigated. The echinacoside and caffeic acid content in the -AcOEt extract were quantified by HPLC, and its antioxidant activity was assessed. The -AcOEt extract showed cytotoxic activity on breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells (IC 28.18 ± 1.14 µg/ml) and MCF-7 cells (19.97 ± 2.31 µg/ml). No effect was observed in normal breast MCF-10 cells. The -AcOEt extract induced cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase and caspase-mediated apoptosis. No genotoxicity was found or , and the extract showed no signs of toxicity or death at 2,000 mg/kg in rodents. In vitro, the combination of -AcOEt extract and paclitaxel showed a synergistic effect on both cancer cell lines. The -AcOEt extract is a potential candidate for breast cancer treatment.The Ea-AcOEt extract is a potential candidate for breast cancer treatment. To systematically review the available clinical evidence regarding the safety and efficacy of knee intraosseous injections for the treatment of bone marrow lesions in patients affected by knee osteoarthritis. A literature search was carried out on PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar databases in January 2020. The following inclusion criteria were adopted (1) studies of any level of evidence, dealing with subchondral injection of bone substitute materials and/or biologic agents; (2) studies with minimum 5 patients treated; and (3) studies with at least 6 months' follow-up evaluation. All relevant data concerning clinical outcomes, adverse events, and rate of conversion to arthroplasty were extracted. A total of 12 studies were identified 7 dealt with calcium phosphate administration, 3 with platelet-rich plasma, and 2 with bone marrow concentrate injection. Only 2 studies were randomized controlled trials, whereas 6 studies were prospective and the remaining 4 were retrospective. Studies included a total of 459 patients treated with intraosseous injections. Overall, only a few patients experienced adverse events and clinical improvement was documented in the majority of trial. The lack of any comparative evaluation versus subchondral drilling alone is the main limitation of the available evidence. Knee intraosseous injections are a minimally invasive and safe procedure to address subchondral bone damage in osteoarthritic patients. They are able to provide beneficial effects at short-term evaluation. More high-quality evidence is needed to confirm their potential and to identify the best product to adopt in clinical practice.Knee intraosseous injections are a minimally invasive and safe procedure to address subchondral bone damage in osteoarthritic patients. They are able to provide beneficial effects at short-term evaluation. More high-quality evidence is needed to confirm their potential and to identify the best product to adopt in clinical practice.Surgeon providers and billing professionals use Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes to specify patient treatment and associated charges. In the present study, coding discrepancies between surgeons' first pass coding and employed coders' final codes were investigated. A total of 500 patients over 3 months were retrospectively analyzed for coding discrepancies. To quantify the impact of change, codes with the most accumulated discrepancies were studied and change to annual relative value unit (RVU) was determined. Final submission of codes to billing demonstrated a 161% increase in total codes by the professional coders, versus original surgeon-derived codes (1594 vs 987 CPT codes). The most common source of change between the surgeon and coder was the addition of distinct codes by the billing professional (270 patients, 54.51%). These results demonstrate the existence of coding discrepancies. Future investigation will evaluate the communication between surgeons and billing professionals.Introduction Hispanic women residing along the US-Mexico border have the highest cervical cancer incidence rates in the US. Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) is the major causative agent, but more information is needed about the prevalence and distribution of genital HPV subtypes in this high-risk population. Methods A population-based cross-sectional study of uninsured Hispanic women along the US-Mexico border was conducted and participants had their cervical specimens undergo DNA extraction followed by HPV genotype testing using the Linear Assay from Roche® Diagnostics, to identify 37 genital HPV subtypes. Results Among the 585 women aged 21-65 years, 584 self-identfied as Hispanic. Any HPV subtype prevalence was 53.2% (95% CI 49.0%-57.3%) and of these 52% (i.e. 27.5% of the total) had single infections and 48% (i.e. 25.6% of the total) had multiple infections. High-risk HPV prevalence was 15.6% (95% CI 24-31.3%). The mean number of subtypes among those testing positive was 2.1 (SD 1.6). The prevalence of any HPV and high-risk HPV showed a U shaped pattern with age; and prevalence of 16/18 and non-16/18 high-risk subtypes (e.g. 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 58); also varied with age. GDC-0994 mouse Forty-one percent of high-risk HPV occurrences were of a subtype not covered by the current nonavalent HPV vaccine. Discussion Our findings suggest a different high-risk HPV subtype pattern and age distribution among Hispanic women in the USA, which could have implications for future cervical cancer prevention strategies. Using the TMN classification alone to predict survival in patients with gastric cancer has certain limitations, we conducted this study was to develop an effective nomogram based on aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT) ratio to predict overall survival (OS) in surgically treated gastric cancer. we retrospectively analyzed 190 cases of gastric cancer and used Cox regression analysis to identify the significant prognostic factors for OS in patients with resectable gastric cancer. The predictive accuracy of nomogram was assessed using a calibration plot, concordance index (C-index) and decision curve. This was then compared with a traditional TNM staging system. Based on the total points (TPS) by nomogram, we further divided patients into different risk groups. multivariate analysis of the entire cohort revealed that independent risk factors for survival were age, clinical stage and AST/ALT ratio, which were entered then into the nomogram. The calibration curve for the probability of OS showed that the nomogram-based predictions were in good agreement with actual observations.

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