We reported one novel strategy via band engineering of the semiconductor support to optimize the metal-support interactions at a Mott-Schottky heterojunction interface and enhance the metal's electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination (EHDC) performance. Taking palladium-polymer carbon nitride (Pd/PCN) as a model, the band tuning of PCN by heteroatomic phosphorus (P) doping substantially boosted the EHDC of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP, one typical chlorinated organic pollutants (COPs)) on Pd, and a peak specific activity of 0.172 min-1 cmPd-2 was achieved by Pd/P-PCN-0.25 (0.25 reflected the P content, and denoted the mass ratio of the P source to PCN precursor used in P-PCN synthesis), quadrupling 0.041 min-1 cmPd-2 of Pd/C and outperforming most of the reported catalysts. The mechanism study revealed the P doping in PCN enabled the positive shift of its Fermi level, which weakened the Pd-PCN interactions and alleviated the electron excess of Pd in Pd/PCN. read more The P-PCN in Pd/P-PCN-0.25 with the ideal band structure evoked a Pd electronic state that maximized EHDC efficiency. Further investigation into the intermediate products of EHDC on Pd/P-PCN and the biological safety of the 2,4-DCP-contaminated water after EHDC treatment demonstrated the EHDC over our catalyst was environmental-benignity for COPs abatement.Density functional theory calculations are performed to investigate the hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) mechanism of quinoline over different Ni-promoted MoS2 edges. Based on the calculations, the hydrogenation and ring-opening reaction pathways are explored systematically, and the structure-activity relationship of different active sites is discussed in detail. In the hydrogenation reaction process, the 100% Ni-promoted M-edge and 50% Ni-promoted S-edge are favorable for the formations of 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinoline and 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline, respectively. Furthermore, the 100% Ni-promoted M-edge is more preferable for the generation of decahydroquinoline rather than the 50% Ni-promoted S-edge. In the denitrogenation reaction step, the 100% Ni-promoted M-edge is beneficial for the formation of ortho-propylaniline and 2-propylcyclohexylamine, while 50% Ni-promoted S-edge is only conducive to the formation of 2-propylcyclohexylamine. Therefore, it can be concluded that both hydrogenation derivatives and denitrogenation products exhibit strong dependence on the active phase morphology, meaning that multiple active sites can be involved in one catalytic HDN cycle. In primary care health care systems, primary care physicians (PCPs) provide most basic care services, and if necessary, refer to secondary care for specialized work-up and treatment. If hospital care is required, agreement between PCPs and secondary care physicians (SCPs) on the conditions for patient referral and back-referral are considered crucial to providing high quality patient care. The regional healthcare network of Utrecht, a region in the Netherlands, developed a set of collaborative patient care agreements (CPCAs) for specific chronic conditions. Even though these CPCA are endorsed by all relevant regional health care organisations, the adoption of these agreements in practice remains substandard. In this project, through linkage of routine care data, as registered in daily practice by PCPs and SCPs, a regional transmural care database (RTD) was developed for monitoring the use of the CPCAs. Its data was transformed into' mirror data' used to support PCPs and SCPs in discussing and improving currdaily collaborative care, thereby showing great potential to serve a learning regional healthcare system.We present a systematic, comprehensive (technical as well as practical) and reproducible roadmap to developing a regional transmural care database suitable for generating mirror data on joint transmural care between PCPs and SCPs. This approach includes all technical steps in data selection and linkage, as well as the substantive steps that need to be taken in the analysis and application of the results. The mirror data, which reflects the follow-up of agreements formulated in the CPCAs, enabled shared reflection and discussion between PCPs and SCPs. This supports the search for bottlenecks and potentialities for improving daily collaborative care, thereby showing great potential to serve a learning regional healthcare system. Research suggests that capturing the benefits of electronic health records (EHR) requires systematic and ongoing optimization of technology configuration and use after implementation. However, little is known about EHR optimization in a hospital context. To explore the issues and challenges involved in organizing and managing a systematic user-driven EHR optimization program. A longitudinal case study of an EHR optimization program launched in two large Danish hospital systems was undertaken. It involved interviewing 28 key managers, clinicians and IT staff, participating in formal and informal meetings, and reviewing policy documents, meeting minutes, teaching materials and other relevant documents. The two hospital systems are struggling to find the best way to organize and manage the optimization program. So far, the program has been a mixed success. Involving clinicians in EHR optimization poses serious dilemmas for hospital managers, who must manage two related tensions between standardization and adaptation, and between centralized control and local autonomy. The findings highlight the significant challenges in designing a successful EHR optimization program and underscore the importance of developing more sophisticated strategies for clinical standardization and innovation.The findings highlight the significant challenges in designing a successful EHR optimization program and underscore the importance of developing more sophisticated strategies for clinical standardization and innovation. This work aims at deriving interesting clinical events using association rule mining based on a user-annotated order of clinical features. A user specifies a partial temporal order of features by indexing features of interest, with repeated and bundled indexes allowed as needed. An association mining algorithm plugin was designed to generate rules that adhere to the user-specified temporal order. The plugin uses temporal and sequence constraints to reduce rule permutations early in the rule generation process. The method was evaluated with a large medical claims dataset to generate clinical events. Using the plug-in algorithm, the database is scanned to calculate the support of item sequences whose sequential order conforms with the user annotated feature order. In our experiments with 20,000 medical claim data records, our method generated rules in a significantly less time than the standalone Apriori algorithm. Our approach generates dendrograms to organize the rules into meaningful hierarchies and provides a graphical interface to navigate the rules and unfold interesting clinical events.